If that is what he wants, it can be achieved with using the picture element and source
<picture>
<source media="(min-width: 1440px)" srcset="https://placekitten.com/1024/800">
<img src="no-image.png" id="hintergrundbild">
</picture>
so the image would only load on screen size at 1440px and above. The no-image.png could either be replaced with a blank image or a low res version, which will never get shown, because the element is hidden by default. But sure, it will produce a 404 if the image does not exist.
I adapted my codepen, to reflect these changes.
I am not saying that da2's solution is wrong. It is just another way to do it. But I think the version with using an image is much more flexible.